"Стремление эмигрировать в русских артистических кругах 1920-1930-х годов"
Résumé
The temptation to emigrate among russian artistic circles 1919-1939
The question of russian artistic emigration during the post revolutionary years has always been a matter of debates depending on political points of view (sovietic or not) and historical periods. This paper goes over the destiny of painters, writers, musicians, dancers, actors, directors who chose to leave soviet Russia and had to suffer the difficulties of exile as well as the choice of those who finally stayed in URSS or went back after a few years abroad. If the most famous painters, dancers and musicians generally found their place in Western Europe or America, the situation was far more difficult for writers who could not publish in russian or met a limited audience as for actors who were not easily accepted on foreign stages or talking films. The paper focuses on the situation of directors who tried to stay in America like Nemirovitch-Dantchenko or refused to do so like Stanislavski in 1923 or Meyerhold in 1928. Which personal or artistic consideration influenced their decision ? How did they overcome such a temptation?